Arduino


Contain
    • What is ARDUINO
    • Arduino family
    • Arduino UNO
    • Arduino Breadboard
    • Arduino IDE
                
What is Arduino

Arduino is an open-Source electronic prototyping platform based on flexible easy to use hardware and software collection. Arduino has lots of types of PCBs. This board contains a microcontroller. it can be programmed to sense and control objects in the physical world.  Because of its flexibility and low cost, Arduino has become a very popular choice for makers looking to create interactive hardware projects.
        Arduino was introduced back in 2005 in Italy by Massimo Banzi as a way for nonengineers to have access to a low-cost, simple tool for creating hardware projects. Since the board is open-source, it is released under a Creative Commons license which allows anyone to produce their own boards. 
   Arduino board are able to read analog or digital input signals from different
sensors and turn it into an output such as activating a turning LED on/off, motors connect to the cloud, and many other actions.


Arduino family

Many types of Arduino boards Available for projects.









Arduino UNO

We're going to focus on the most popular and our favorite Arduino board. we recommend this board for beginners. its name is Arduino Uno. it remains to be the most actively used and most widely on the market. 


Arduino UNO Pinout


Power Jack: Arduino boards can be powered directly from the AC mains power supply by connecting it
to the Barrel Jack.

USB: Arduino board can be powered by using the USB cable from your computer. All you need
to do is connect the USB cable to the USB connection.

Reset button/Reset pin: You can reset your Arduino board, i.e., start your program from the beginning. You can reset the UNO board in two ways. First, by using the reset button on the board. Second, you can connect an external reset button to the Arduino pin labeled RESET.

Digital i/o: The Arduino UNO board has 14 digital I/O pins  ( PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) output. These pins can be configured to work as input digital pins to read logic values (0 or 1) or as digital output pins to drive different modules like LEDs, relays, etc. The pins labeled “~” can be used to generate PWM.

Analog pins: The Arduino UNO board has five analog input pins A0 through A5. These pins can read the
signal from an analog sensor like the humidity sensor or temperature sensor and convert it into a digital value that can be read by the microprocessor.

Main microcontroller:  Each Arduino board has its own microcontroller. You can assume it as the brain of your board. The main IC (integrated circuit) on the Arduino is slightly different from board
to board. The microcontrollers are usually of the ATMEL Company. You must know what
IC your board has before loading up a new program from the Arduino IDE. 

AREF: AREF stands for Analog Reference. It is sometimes, used to set an external reference voltage (between 0 and 5 Volts) as the upper limit for the analog input pins.

Crystal oscillator: The crystal oscillator helps Arduino in dealing with time issues. How does Arduino calculate time? The answer is, by using the crystal oscillator. 

Pins(5v, 3.3v, GND, Vin):
  •     5v: Supply 5 output volt
  •     3.3v: Supply 3.3 output volt
  •     GND: There are several GND pins on the Arduino, any of which can be used to ground your circuit.
  •     Vin:  This pin also can be used to power the Arduino board from an external power source, like AC mains power supply.


Arduino Breadboard

Another very important item when working with Arduino is a solderless breadboard. This device allows you to prototype your Arduino project without having to permanently solder the circuit together. Using a breadboard allows you to create temporary prototypes and experiment with different circuit designs. Inside the holes (tie points) of the plastic housing, are metal clips that are connected to each other by strips of conductive material.

NOTE: the breadboard is not powered on its own and needs power brought to it from the Arduino board using jumper wires OR a Breadboard power supply module.






Arduino IDE

What is an Arduino IDE?

Once the circuit has been created on the breadboard, you’ll need to upload the
program (known as a sketch) to the Arduino. The sketch is a set of instructions that
tells the board what functions it needs to perform. An Arduino board can only hold
and perform one sketch at a time. The software used to create Arduino sketches is
called the IDE which stands for Integrated Development Environment. 

Download and Install




Install Steps



Arduino IDE Interface

1: Verify
2: Upload
3: New Tab
4: Open
5: Save
6:Serial Monitor
7: Sketch Name
8: Code Area (text editor)
9: Massage Area
10: Text console
11: Board and Serial port


See you in the next tutorial...


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